It is core part of LAMP web application software stack. LAMP is an acronym for "Linux, Apache, MySQL, Perl/PHP/Python". MySQL is available and tested on almost all popular operating systems. It is possible to access MySQL from most popular languages/platforms. For example, PHP support for mysql, JDBC driver for Java, mysql client library for use with C programs, ODBC driver, and many others. It is also relatively easier to install and manage MySQL compared to most other RDBMS systems (such as Oracle). The features are well documented. These factors are central to it's widespread adoption.
MySQL is written in C and C++. The most distinguishing feature of MySQL is the support for "Storage Engines". User can choose a specific storage engine for a table. More details about storage engines will be available in another separate post.
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